• A crime must happen, such as physical assault, intimidation, arson or vandalism;


• The crime must be motivated, in whole or in part, by bias.

The list of biases included in hate crime statutes varies. Most include race, ethnicity and religion. Some also include sexual orientation, gender and/or disability. In some cases, these statutes apply only to specific situations, such as housing discrimination.

As you respond to a hate crime, check specific statutes in your area, then consider working to add missing categories, such as protections for people who are gay, lesbian or transgender.

What's a Bias Incident?
A bias incident is conduct, speech or expression that is motivated by bias or prejudice but doesn't involve a criminal act.

What's the Difference?
Hate crimes, if charged and prosecuted, will be dealt with in the court system. They typically carry enhanced penalties, such as longer sentences.

Bias incidents occur with no clear path or procedure for recourse.

Both, however, demand unified and unflinching denouncement from individuals, groups and entire communities.

What's the Impact?
Hate crimes and bias incidents don't just victimize individuals; they torment entire communities.

When someone scrawls threatening graffiti targeting Asian Americans, for example, the entire community of Asian Americans may feel frightened and unsafe, as may members of other ethnic or racial groups.

Find out which hate groups are active in your area. Go

When hate hits your doorstep Go

Find out which social justice groups are active in your area. Go